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- Tip #71: Fly Fishing for Trout - Revive before Releasing

Before you release the trout you need to make sure that it is completely revived beforehand. If the fish has been exhausted it may turn over upside down or roll onto its side. Larger trout will take more time to revive while small fish usually require no reviving at all.

If you need to revive a fish make sure that you hold it so that it is upright. Try to find a flow of water that is quite gentle, just enough so that you can get its gills working and so that it can gain oxygen back from the water. As the fish starts to revive its gills will start to work more and more until it can stay upright in the water. The goal is to allow the trout to swim away without your help.

- Tip #60: Fly Fishing for Salmon - Choose Low-Light Days - Cool Water

Salmon like days that have a low-light or cloud cover. On days that are sunny and bright you'll most likely find salmon congregating away from the brightness in deep holes. It's those cloudy days that will make the salmon more accessible to you.

Water temperature, and knowing what it is, can play a big role in the success or failure of salmon fishing. You'll want to invest in a good thermometer so that you can keep track of water temperatures throughout the day. Make sure that you place the thermometer in the same place each time to a depth of anywhere from six inches to three feet below the surface.

Keep a notebook with a record of water temperatures, being sure to update whenever you can. After a few years of recording water temperature in your favorite fishing spot you'll have a good idea of which patterns are occurring.

Salmon do much better in cooler water. When water temperatures start to rise, salmon go deeper. This is because there is more oxygen in cooler water and salmon need this oxygen to survive. Salmon will be more active in cooler water than warm water so they will be a little more difficult to catch as they fight harder to escape. You'll want to find a happy medium in water temperature so that the fish aren't too active but nor are they too hot. Understanding the water temperature of the water that your fishing can play a big part in knowing what type of rod, reel, and line to use as well as what type of lures and baits you should be using.
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- Tip #78: Fly Fishing for Trout - Identifying Rises

Before you select your fly you need to identify the feeding patterns of the trout:

- Sip Rise: A sip rise will have surface rings that are sometimes very hard to see and other times very easy to see. A sip rise is caused by a trout that is sucking spent spinner or sipping on tiny duns.

- Splashy Rise: A splashy rise will indicate that the trout are rising up to active mayfly duns, quick rising pupa, caddis adults, or stonefly adults. Many times you'll see the trout jump out of the water.

- Dorsal Fin and Tail Rise: This rise is an indication that the trout are feeding just below the surface and that they will probably ignore any surface flies.

- Head Rise: A head rise is identified by trout sticking their heads up out of the water. This means that they are feeding on mayfly, stonefly adults, caddis adults, or cripples and that they will feed right on the surface.

- Splashy Surge: A splashy surge indicates that the trout will most likely chase any whitebait or smelt into shallow waters.

A quick note on rivers: Rivers are probably the best type of habitat for trout. This is because they have a great deal of oxygen in the water that is evenly distributed from the top to the bottom. The water temperature in rivers is a bit more moderate than lake temperatures. Temperatures are cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter than rocky or low lying lakes.

When you're fishing for trout in rivers you'll want to stay close to the current but out of the direct flow. Look for breaks in the current such as stumps or logs; these are often the areas where you'll find trout hovering in schools.

River bars are also good places to fish for trout. Don't overlook river bends as other good options since trout seem to enjoy these peaceful areas.

- Tip #87: Keeping your Reels Covered

When you're not using your reels you should keep them covered. If you keep your reel uncovered you'll end up with grit and dirt inside of it. As well, the outer coating of your reel can be damaged and this can lead to corrosion. If you end up with scratches on the reel you can cover the areas with clear fingernail polish to slow down the corrosion.
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- Tip #59: Fly Fishing for Salmon - Find a Good Hole

Make the effort to find a hole that has plenty of salmon in it. These types of holes can be fished all day.

- Tip #84: Join a Fly Fishing Club

One of the best things that you can do as a beginner fly fisher is to join a fly fishing club. You'll get to know other anglers in the area where you live and may even be able to find a fishing buddy or two. The other benefit is that you can learn more about some of the great angling locations in your home territory.

- Tip #11: Storing your Fly Line

Your reel is the safest place for you to have your line. The only thing that you need to make sure of is that your line isn't exposed to chemicals, high heats, direct sunlight, or solvents. There will be times when your line has been stored for a while and it will coil. If this occurs you need to stretch it slowly; it will soon start to give and you can use it safely once again.

- Tip #82: Fishing in Dam-Controlled Waters

It's imperative that when you're fishing in waters that are controlled by a dam that you find out ahead of time when there will be a water release. The release will be signalled by a horn or whistle so make sure that you listen for the notification.
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- Tip #3: Holding your Rod Effectively

It's important that you learn to hold your rod effectively under any fishing conditions. You want to make sure that you maintain good control at all times without gripping too hard. You can adjust the power of your hold when you're in the middle of a cast. This will allow you to minimize the vibrations of each movement. With just a bit of practice you'll be able to increase the tightness at the same as you learn to relax your grip.

- Tip #25: Keep an Eye Out for Structures

When you're looking around for a place to cast your line it's important that you look around for structures both on and in the water. This can be a large boulder or stone, a log that is submerged, or the tail end of a pool. These are great places to find fish since they don't want to work very hard when it comes to looking for a meal. Fish will congregate near structures, where they will set up feeding stations.

- Tip #41: Fishing Etiquette - Silence

Whenever you're fly fishing you'll need to be as quiet as you can...and this means leaving your dog and the radio at home. There are two reasons why you want to be as quiet as possible: (1) you don't want to spook the fish, and (2) you don't want to disturb other fly fishers. Many people enjoy fly fishing for the peace and solitude that it affords them.
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- Tip #21: More Tips from the Experts

The more tips and tricks that you have the better luck you'll bring to your fly fishing. As a beginner you'll want to try a variety of techniques until you find what works best for you and the water that you're fishing in.

- Thick weeds: When you're fishing in thick weeds the best lure that you can use is a spinnerbait or a crankbait that is shallow running. Make sure that you cast parallel to the edge of the weed flow if you can. Remember look in the inside edges of weedbeds.

- Timber pileups: When you're fishing in deep timber your main focus will be to not get your line tangled up. Use a plastic worm or a jigging spoon for the best results.

- Fishing from fallen trees: If you want to fish from a fallen tree make sure that you pull back your bait so that it runs in parallel to the tree limbs. This is because the water is very shallow and you don't want to disturb the area any more than you have to.

- Working the area: Make sure that you work the area that you're fishing as thoroughly as possible. Try a few different lures if the first one doesn't bring you success. You might want to think about returning again at a different time of day.

- Keep a close eye on your lines: Make sure that you keep a constant eye on your lines particularly when you're retrieving them. Remember that when the weather is cold the bass can strike and completely miss the lures.

- Avoid excess noise: The more noise that you make the less the bass will bite.

- Night fishing: Night fishing is a great option in the summer months when the water temperature during the day is just too hot for bass to swim high in the water.

- Creeks and coves: During the fall months make sure that you check out creeks and coves since this is where baitfish tend to hover...and this means the bass won't be far behind.

- Using surface plugs: When you're using surface plugs try to pay as much attention as you can to the angle of your rod. You should be holding the rod low when you have the lure close to you and higher when the lure is further away.

- Tip #94: Large Predator Fish and Low Light

When you mix a large predator fish with low light levels you end up with a fish that exercises less caution and is more aggressive than when the light is high. Great days for fishing for large predators are at sunrise, at sunset, when there is stormy weather, and after the sun goes down.

- Tip #37: Match the Length of your Tippet to the Hole

One of the most important things that you can do when it comes to successful fly fishing is match the length of your tippet to the depth where the fish are and to the depth of the hole. Every once in a while allow the weight to touch the bottom, making sure that it doesn't drag. For instance, if you have a tippet that is six feet long it will put your fly about two to four feet off of the bottom.

- Tip #39: Fishing Etiquette - The Right of Way

When it comes to fishing etiquette, the right of way is something that you'll need to learn. The rule of thumb is that the angler who is already in the water is given the right of way. The rule also applies if you're walking along the bank or floating. If you need to move locations try to move up-river whenever possible. You never want to intrude on another fly fisher without asking first. If you do get permission to enter the same waters make sure that you do so up-river and allow the other angler lots of space.
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- Tip #19: Using a Sub-Surface Fly

There is a trick to using a sub-surface fly so that it catches more fish: deodorize the fly before you use it by rubbing it with mud or underwater plants. This will mask the chemical and human smells that are attached to it and that may distract the fish from striking.

- Tip #46: Carry a Wading Staff

When you're fishing in water that is rough or unfamiliar you might want to carry a wading staff to keep you stable and give you better footing.

- Tip #94: Large Predator Fish and Low Light

When you mix a large predator fish with low light levels you end up with a fish that exercises less caution and is more aggressive than when the light is high. Great days for fishing for large predators are at sunrise, at sunset, when there is stormy weather, and after the sun goes down.

- Tip #86: Storing your Rod

The one and only thing that you need to do to keep your rod in great shape is to store it correctly. The first thing that you need to do is store the rod in the sock and a hard tube. This way nothing can damage it when you're not using it. After you're done using your rod make sure that you clean it. All of the salt should be rubbed off and the rod left until it is completely dry before you put it away.

When you're washing your rod, use warm water that has been laced with a mild soap. Use a soft cloth. Make sure that you wash all parts of the rod including the rod guides, feet, cork grip, and the reel. When you're finished take the time to rinse the rod with warm water. This procedure will keep your rod looking and performing great for a long time.
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- Tip #35: Using a Hauling Technique

The hauling technique is when you increase the speed of your line by using the strength of your rod arm and your free hand arm. To achieve a good haul you need to pull down on the fly line at the position just below the stripper guide on your rod. The pull will increase the speed of the line as it moves outward. As you become more experienced you can try a double haul which is when you pull both the backward and the forward stroke with strength.

- Tip #77: Fly Fishing for Trout - Cool Water Fish

Trout like the cooler waters. When the water temperature starts to rise in the summer months, the trout will move to deeper and cooler waters. No only will the water be cooler deeper down, there will be more oxygen in the water. When trout are in water that is too warm and is lacking in oxygen they start to become stressed.

By late summer trout will move to fast moving riffles even if the water is barely deep enough to cover them. You'll have to approach them carefully. Let your fly drift to the smallest area of the riffle. Make sure that you cover the entire riffle before you move on to the next spot.

One important thing to remember is that the senses of feeling and hearing in a fish are almost one and the same. Trout feel and hear the vibration of movement and sound in the water. Each sound will have a different type of pitch that sends vibrations through the water. Trout are able to become familiar with particular sounds and pitches so that they are able to detect even the slightest movement in the water. The feeling and hearing senses in a trout act almost as a built in radar.

Just as with feeling and hearing, the way a trout smells and tastes is connected together as one sense. Most fish have taste buds on the inside and outside of their mouths. This means that they are able to taste something before they have it in their mouth. This is why the bait that you use needs to be pleasing to the trout or it won't get into its mouth. And if it does get into the fish's mouth it will be quickly spit out if it is unpleasant.

- Tip #70: Fly Fishing for Trout - Releasing your Trout

There will be some trophies that you want to photograph but most times you'll want to make sure that you don't handle the trout. Trout are covered in a protective layer of slime and when you touch it you disturb the fine balance of things. Trout can develop a fungus on the areas where you touch, which can kill it. To release the trout all you need to do is release the hook from the mouth and allow it to swim away without touching it. For help in removing the hook you can use forceps or small pliers.
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- Tip #12: Types of Fly Lines

Most of the lines that you'll use for fly fishing will be made of nylon monofilament. However, other lines are becoming just as popular such as lines that are (1) braided, (2) co-filament, or (3) fused. No matter what type of line you buy make sure that it's a "premium" line. Premium lines are more durable and even than cheaper lines. You'll want to match the fishing line that you buy to the following criteria and conditions:

- Strength: Strength is measured in the pounds of force that is needed to break the line. You'll find that most lines will break at higher weights than they are sold at.

- Resistance to Abrasion: When you're fishing in areas where there are a lot of brush or rocks you'll want to use a line that won't break easily when it is constantly rubbed.

- Line Diameter: The diameter of the line will affect the way the line is cast as well as how deep your lure will run. Diameter also has an affect on the visibility and stretching of the line. The thinner a line is the harder it will be for the bass to see it. Thinner lines will also give some bait, such as grubs, a more realistic flowing action. The one good thing about lines with a thicker diameter is that they are better able to withstand abrasion.

- Stretch Lines: Stretch lines won't break as easily when they are being pulled by a fish. They are beneficial in letting you detect strikes as well as help you in setting hooks.

- Line Stiffness: The stiffness of the line is related to its stretch. The stiffer the line is the harder it will be to cast. The advantage to having a stiff line is that is more sensitive than flexible lines.

- Line visibility: In clear water it's important that your line is as invisible to the fish as possible. However, you'll want to have a line that is highly visible when your fishing lures are on a subtle strike, such as worms, grubs, and jigs. This is so that you can easily detect any movement on the line that may indicate a fish is biting.

- Tip #58: Fly Fishing for Salmon - Fishing with a Partner

Try fly fishing for salmon with a partner so that you can spot more fish. Take turns fly fishing. One partner will fish while the other one stands on the opposite bank and keeps an eye on the behavior of the salmon and exactly where they are. Make sure that you bring along your polarized glasses.
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- Tip #33: Shooting Line Casting

You'll want to use this type of cast when you want to create a cast that extends out more line. To accomplish the shooting line cast, for either the forward or the backward cast, you need to use more power than you did when you cast the line as far as you did the first time.

- Tip #32: Slack Line Casting

Slack line casting is when the fly line is able to fall onto the water in what are called "s" curves. This type of a cast will let your fly float on the water without any dragging motion. You'll want to use this cast when you're casting over a current or into a down stream.

- Tip #15: Using Dry Flies in the Afternoon

If you're fly fishing in the afternoon you'll want to use dry flies. The main reason for this is that the sun will be warming the water and the air. And this means that you'll see hatches of little black flies. This is a great time to do some dry fly fishing since you can present a fly that is similar to an adult insect.

- Tip #83: Fishing Upstream

A basic concept of fly fishing is that a hooked fish isn't really caught until you have it up on the bank. If you want to land more fish the one thing that you can do is try to hook more fish upstream instead of downstream. This way, your fly will have a better chance of getting into the jaw of the fish. Try to keep downstream of any fish that you've managed to hook; when the fish is downstream he is using less energy since the current of the water will be doing much of the work for the fish.
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